Total invtravenous anesthesia with midazolam, ketamine, and xylazine or detomidine following induction with tiletamine, zolazepam, and xylazine in red deer (Cervus elaphus hippelaphus) undergoing surgery

Sixteen captive female red deer were successfully anesthetized to surgically implant a telemetry system. The deer were immobilized with (mean±SD) 1.79±0.29 mg/kg xylazine and 1.79±0.29 mg/kg tiletamine/zolazepam given intramuscularly with a dart gun. Anesthesia was maintained for 69±2 min using a total intravenous protocol with a catheter placed in the jugular vein. Group X received xylazine (0.5±0.055 mg/kg/hr) and group D, detomidine (2±0.22 μg/kg/hr), both in combination with ketamine (2±0.02 mg/kg/hr) and midazolam (0.03±0.0033 mg/kg/hr), as a constant rate infusion. Anesthesia was reversed with 0.09±0.01 mg/kg atipamezole and 8.7±1.21 μg/kg sarmazenil given intravenously in both groups. These drug combinations provided smooth induction, stable anesthesia for surgery, and rapid recovery. Respiratory depression and mild hypoxemia were seen, and we, therefore, recommend using supplemental intranasal oxygen. Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-36361 Originally published at: Auer, U; Wenger, S; Beigelböck, C; Zenker, W; Mosing, M (2010). Total invtravenous anesthesia with midazolam, ketamine, and xylazine or detomidine following induction with tiletamine, zolazepam, and xylazine in red deer (Cervus elaphus hippelaphus) undergoing surgery. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 46(4):1196-1203. TOTAL INTRAVENOUS ANESTHESIA WITH MIDAZOLAM, KETAMINE, AND XYLAZINE OR DETOMIDINE FOLLOWING INDUCTION WITH TILETAMINE, ZOLAZEPAM, AND XYLAZINE IN RED DEER (CERVUS ELAPHUS HIPPELAPHUS) UNDERGOING SURGERY Ulrike Auer, Sandra Wenger, Christoph Beigelböck, Wolfgang Zenker, and Martina Mosing 1 Division of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Intensive Care, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria 2 Clinic for Zoo Animals, Exotic Pets and Wildlife, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland 3 Research Institute of Wildlife Ecology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Savoyenstrasse 1, 1160 Vienna, Austria 4 Praxis für Zootiere und Exoten, Kleintierpraxis, Neuwiesenstr. 6, 8610 Uster, Switzerland 5 Equine Hospital, The University of Liverpool, Leahurst, Chester High Road, Neston, South Wirral CH64 7TE, UK 6 Corresponding author (email: [email protected]) ABSTRACT: Sixteen captive female red deer were successfully anesthetized to surgically implant a telemetry system. The deer were immobilized with (mean6SD) 1.7960.29 mg/kg xylazine and 1.7960.29 mg/kg tiletamine/zolazepam given intramuscularly with a dart gun. Anesthesia was maintained for 6962 min using a total intravenous protocol with a catheter placed in the jugular vein. Group X received xylazine (0.560.055 mg/kg/hr) and group D, detomidine (260.22 mg/kg/ hr), both in combination with ketamine (260.02 mg/kg/hr) and midazolam (0.0360.0033 mg/kg/ hr), as a constant rate infusion. Anesthesia was reversed with 0.0960.01 mg/kg atipamezole and 8.761.21 mg/kg sarmazenil given intravenously in both groups. These drug combinations provided smooth induction, stable anesthesia for surgery, and rapid recovery. Respiratory depression and mild hypoxemia were seen, and we, therefore, recommend using supplemental intranasal oxygen.